Internal-combustion engine with variable piston-stroke.



J. ZEITLIN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH VARIABLE PISTON STROKE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.24,1915.

1 ,1 60,966. v Patented Nov. 16, 1915.

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J. ZEITLIN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGlNE WITH VARIABLE PISTON STROKE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.24. 1915.

v LlfiQQGG. v Patented Nov. 16, 1915.

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V INTERNAL-COMBfiSTIONENGINE WITH VARIABLE rrsron-srnoxn.

Specification of Letters Batent.

Patented Nov. 316, 1915.

Application filed August 24,1915. Serial No. 47,129.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosnrH ZEITLIN, subject of the Czar of Russia, residingat 115 Bishops Mansions, Fulham, in the county of London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines with Variable Piston-Strokes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combuS- on the crank pin at half the speed of the engine, substantially as and in the manner de 7 v 2 illustrate diagrammatically the application of thisinvention-to a rotary cylinderjengine and represents the same cylinder and soribedin the specificationfiled with application for United StatesPatent under Serial No. 8%,695 by me.

According to the present inventionI admit the fuel or explosive mixture to the cylinder through ports which are uncovered by the piston at the end of the suction stroke, but which are not uncovered at the end of the working stroke; and in order to do this the eccentric isso set that when the crank is on a dead center, with the piston at the end of the exhaust stroke, the line joining the axis of the eccentric with its center, forms an angle to the rear of the crank of or less."

Further, by making the said angle of less than 90 the piston is made to enter the compression space at the end of the exhaust stroke as well as uncovering ports at end of suction stroke; and by properly selectmg the angle the addition to piston travel dueto the eccentric can be divided in any desired proportion, between these two particular phases of the piston cycle, viz: at end of exhaust stroke for better clearance of the spent gases and at the end of suction. stroke,

for admission of fuel or combustible mixture.

In applying this invention to radially dis} posed multicylinder engines, or to engines with fixed crank and revolving cylinders, the eccentric sheaves are arranged and assem-,

bled on the bush in thesame manner as described in specification referred to above and V the bush with the eccentric sheaves and gear wheel, as a whole, are given a new initial position in relation to the crank shaft.

In accordance with the variation in the position of the piston at the end of the suctron andthe end-of the working strokes respectively, ports of appropriate size and shape Fare arranged at the outer end of the cylinder through which combustible mixture is admitted either wholly or in part in which case said ports serve as auxiliary inlet ports. These ports remain closed during the whole of the working stroke, so that ignition of the combustible mixture of any kind through the ports cannot. take place however late the exhaust ports may remain closed during the working stroke. 7

When the combustible mixture is fed to the cylinder or cylinders by way of the crankcase-the ports inthe cylinder or cylinders are arranged to communicate with a passage or passages leading to the crank case.

Referring to the drawings Figures 1 and piston in the four main instantaneous positions while passing the dead points. Fig. 3 is a series of diagrams illustrating piston displacement.

Circle r represents the locus of the center I ofthe big end of the connecting rod 79 about the axisof thecrank pin. .7 Angle or represents the'lag which is given to the eccentric sheaves a from the normal setting required for the entire-variation at the top of stroke. In the example illustrated in Figs. 1 and2 a lag of 30 ha s been chosen. Taking D to I be the radius of the circle r I get with a lag into four quadrants S, G, W, E, corresponding respectively to the suction, compression, working and exhaust strokes, while the points of intersection of these lines with the circle r correspond with the four instantaneous positions 1, 2, 3, 4, of thepiston b as I shown i lligs. 1 and 2 of the working cycle,

and in diagram 2 of Fig. 3 these'points eor- I respond with the positions of the piston b at 0 01. .720 180, 360 and 540 of the cycle respectively. 7 p

Betweenthe extreme positions of the piston b in. the outer end of the cylinder 0,

namely positions 2 and 4, Figs'l and 2 the ports 6 are provided in the. cylinderwalls I) uncovers these ports eat theend ofsuction stroke When traveling'from position 1 to position 2. and the center of the big end of the connecting rod ,ptraverses the quad- 7 I glue; a closed crankcase forming a fuel re .ceptacle, acylinder carried by the crankcase rant S 'ofthe circle r. Through these ports ethe explosive mixture or fuel is admitted. Next the piston b is'brought into position 3 v at the end "of the compression stroke; then the pist'on Z) descends in its working stroke. irom-posltlon 3 tO'POSltl'OIl 4: see also Fig. Bl-when the portse remain closed, the piston acting as apositive valve cutting off communication between the cylinder and crank case so that no lgnltlon ofthe fuel or explosive mixture in the crank case cl canlpossibly I take place. "Finally, the piston Z) ascends to its'firstuposition the burnt gasesiescaping through the valve '2} assistedat the endbythe piston b sweepingthe whole or part of;

the compression space.v

Diagram 1, Fig. 3 illustrates the piston travel when the eccentrics are normally positioned for the exclusive differentiation at thetop of the stroke for the purpose of stroke only.

suction'stroke instead of the end of exhaust stroke (see diagram 4, Fig. 3). Witharlag of'eto there will be difierentiation of equal positions V the differentiation will a be Wholly by Way'of addition-at theend of amount at the end of exhaust and end of suction stroke.

\Vith alag of less than4l5 there Will be a s maller differentiation at the end of suction' stroke than at the end of exhaust stroke, and With a lagoi more than i 0 the reverse will take place.

It isg obvious that the present invention.

can equally be applied to stationary or revolving cylinder engines-snore particularlyto the radially disposed multicylinder types. lclaimz In a four cycle internal combustion enand having fuel's'upply ports communicat- -.ing with the crank case and 'an exhaust port at its ppposite. end, a shaft extending through thercrank case and having a crank located withln-the crank case, a plston rec1proca-ble Within the cylinder, an eccentric vmountedon the crank, means to cause rota- :tion of; the eccentric once about the crank during :two' revolutions of the crank about the axis of-its shaft, and a piston rodconnecting the piston andeccentric, said eccentric, beings angularly displaced ninety degrees orzlessat the end otrthe exhaust stroke to cause 'thepistonto open communication v through the "fuel. ports between the crank caseand cylinder at theend of the suction stroke. p v V I In. testimony -vhere0 I have" signed my .nameito thiss'specification in the presence of twosubscribing itnesses.

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' \Vitnesses: I V s a i LE JJR. B'YUVLLOUGH," 7 W LT R Gen es.

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